July 22: Godfrey of Bouillon

July 22, 1099: Godfrey of Bouillon becomes the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. He had received the name "of Bouillon" for his practice of boiling his enemies in broth.

July 21: Geneva Conference

July 21, 1954: The Geneva Conference ends with a settlement intended to bring peace to Vietnam by temporarily dividing it into North and South. That works out really well.

July 20: Rollo

July 20, 911: Rollo besieges Chartres. He attempts to capture the city by bombarding it with chocolate-covered caramels.

July 17: Nicholas II of Russia

July 17, 1918: Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family are executed by Bolsheviks. He had been overthrown when the peasants realized that the Tsar and the Czar were the same person.*

*h/t: I totally stole that joke from Woody Allen.

July 16: Saint Gondulphus of Tongeren

July 16, annually: The feast day of Saint Gondulphus of Tongeren. According to legend, Saint Gondulphus was canonized for helping to destroy the One Ring.

July 15: The Rosetta Stone

July 15, 1799: French Army Captain Pierre-François Bouchard Discovers the Rosetta Stone in Egypt. It receives its name from its carved likeness of an ancient pharaoh's consort, who bore a striking resemblance to Bouchard's girlfriend, Rosetta.

July 14: The Matterhorn

July 14, 1865: Edward Whymper and companions reach the top of the Matterhorn. Four of them die on the way down, becoming the first people to die at Disneyland.